The correct answer is Nuclear Fission.

• Atom bomb the destructive weapon’s name given by Americans before the attack of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
• The atomic bomb is mainly based on the principle of the Nuclear fission reaction.
• Originally the experiments on the fission reaction were done by Russians during world war II. But later on, handed over to Americans.
• Americans who do not initially know the power of this reaction named it an atom bomb and exploded in Hiroshima and Nagasaki creating massive destruction in the history of mankind.
• In nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry, nuclear fission is a nuclear reaction or a radioactive decay process in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two or smaller, lighter nuclei.
• The fission process often produces gamma photons and releases a very large amount of energy even by the energetic standards of radioactive decay.

Additional Information

• Nuclear fission of heavy elements was discovered on December 17, 1938, by German Otto Hahn and his assistant Fritz Strassmann, and explained theoretically in January 1939 by Lise Meitner and her nephew Otto Robert Frisch.